Harlem renaissance was a literary cultural movement that developed during the early twentieth century in the American continent oblivious of the effect that it would and had created on the American spirit. It is interesting, that critics and historians often delimit this revolution to certain events that took place during its initial phase but in reality, the revolution had started when the African American community decided not the act as a second fiddle to the White Americans. The atrocities had heightened and it was unbearable to stand this injustice that was drafted behind the closed doors of legislatures and judiciary to upheld the policy of 'separate but equal. This research paper evaluates the history of Harlem renaissance and its primary players that were the African American literati, political activists and artists and judges as to why this renaissance never achieved the recognition that it deserved.